Aβ possesses antimicrobial activity
(the involvement of infectious agents in AD pathology)
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The amyloid β-protein (Aβ) is believed to be the key mediator of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Aβ is most often characterized as an incidental catabolic byproduct that lacks a normal physiological role. However, Aβ has been shown to be a specific ligand for a number of different receptors and other molecules, transported by complex trafficking pathways, modulated in response to a variety of environmental stressors, and able to induce pro-inflammatory activities.
Here, scientists provide data supporting an in vivo function for Aβ as an antimicrobial peptide. Experiments used established in vitro assays to compare antimicrobial activities of Aβ. Findings reveal that Aβ exerts antimicrobial activity against eight common and clinically relevant microorganisms. Furthermore, they show that AD whole brain homogenates have significantly higher antimicrobial activity than aged matched non-AD samples. Consistent with Aβ-mediated activity, the increased antimicrobial action was ablated by immunodepletion of AD brain homogenates with anti-Aβ antibodies.
This finding stands in stark contrast to current models of Aβ-mediated pathology and has important implications for ongoing and future AD treatment strategies. To get more: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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